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Sharma, R. C.
- Drying of Desi Katha at Different Temperatures, Relative Humidity Levels and in Bry-air Dehumidifier
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Indian Forester, Vol 128, No 1 (2002), Pagination: 84-90Abstract
Drying of 'desi' katha at six different temperatures, nine relative humidity levels and in Bry-air dehumidifier was studied. Drying was rapid at 30°C but katha characteristics were maintained well when drying was executed at 5 or l0°C. The duration of drying period was longer at 5°C as compared to drying to 30°C. Drying at 40 percent relative humidity took 50 days as compared to 125 days at 80 percent relative humidity to achieve the desired moisture content. In Bry-Air dehumidifier, it took only 7 days to achieve the desired moisture content in desi katha as compared to 45 days under traditional factory conditions.- Development of Melampsora Leaf Rust in Nursery Grown Populas ciliata
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correlated with temperature but positively with relative humidity and rainfall.
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Indian Forester, Vol 128, No 8 (2002), Pagination: 926-930Abstract
Development of Melampsora leaf rust in Populus ciliata reveals that clones, which were disease free during July, got infected in the month of August. Clone Kufri has least disease while Theog was most susceptible. Disease development was rapid between July and August months. PCM 5195, 5011, 5180 and 5157 hybrids of P. ciliata x P. maximowiczii had least disease while PCM 5084 and 5053 were highly susceptible. The development of disease was negativelycorrelated with temperature but positively with relative humidity and rainfall.
- Suitability and Growth Pattern of Salix in Himalayan Foothills
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Indian Forester, Vol 128, No 3 (2002), Pagination: 355-357Abstract
No abstract- Status of Poplar in Uttar Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 127, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 137-143Abstract
In Uttar Pradesh (UP) there is only one representative of indigenous genus Populus, i.e. Populus ciliata. However, a number of exotic species and their clones were tried in UP since almost 50 years ago and after a decade of rigorous trials both in hills and plains (mainly Tarai region) only P. yunnanensis and P. deltoides were found most promising species respectively. In UP breeding of Poplar was also started successfully from 1982. By breeding, a number of new clones of Poplar have been developed and more than 30 clones have been found promising which have 25% to 70% more productivity than the exotic clones. The work on breeding and selection of new clones continues.- Reaction of Poplar Germplasm to Cladosporium Leaf Spot
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Indian Forester, Vol 127, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 160-162Abstract
Populus ciliata, an indigenous species is widely distributed in Western Himalayas and is attacked by large number of pathogens. Cladosporium humile, the incitant of leaf spot causes defoliation of great magnitude to Ciliata in nurseries and plantations. During 1997-98, an defoliation of great magnitude to Ciliata in nurseries and plantations. During 1997-98, an experiment was conducted to assess 42 clones/species/hybrids of Populus species against C. humile. Out of 24 clones of P. ciliata, none was found disease free. Eight clones were rated as susceptible while rest were highly susceptible. All other 18 hybrids/clones of P. deltoides, P. robusta, P. yunnanensis, P. trichocarpa, P. eugenii, P. oxford, P. gwayder and P. regenerata were found to be immune.- Morphological Variability in Melampsora ciliata - the Incitant of Poplar Leaf Rust
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Indian Forester, Vol 127, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 242-248Abstract
Variation in the dimensions of urediniospores of Melampsora ciliata harvested from different Poplar species grown under different environmental conditions has been observed in the present investigations. Smallest urediniospores (20.88 x 15.43 µm) produced on P. ciliata were recorded at Rahla (Zone III) while largest (36.30 x 19.97 µm) were recorded at Raison (Zone II). Urediniospores produced on P. deltoides and P. nigra were smaller in size at Nauni and Raison (Zone II), while larger spores on these species were recorded at Shoghi and Tapri (Zone III). Spores produced in pustules of P. alba at Spillo were smaller as compared to those produced at Reckong Peo. Irrespective of the host genotype and climatic zone, smallest urediniospores were produced on P. alba.- Influence of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Physico-chemical Characters and Fungal Spoilage of Katha
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Indian Forester, Vol 127, No 7 (2001), Pagination: 809-813Abstract
Physico-chemical characters and fungal spoilage of machiney and desi Katha dried at six different temperatures and nine relative humidity levels were studied. Catechin content was maximum and tannins were least when Katha batties were dried at 5 or 10°C. Discolouration of batties and mould incidence (Aspergillus niger and Penicillium funiculosum) was also least when drying was carried at 5°C followed by 10°C. Maximum catechin was in Katha dried at 40 and 45 per cent relative humidity. As the relative humidity during Katha drying was increased above 50 per cent, there was corresponding increase in tannins. Discolouration and catechin/tannin ratio was also least when Katha was dried at 40 or 45 per cent relative humidity. Drying at higher relative humidity (above 55%) favours invasion by A. niger and P. funiculosum moulds.- Beyond Joint Forest Management
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Indian Forester, Vol 126, No 5 (2000), Pagination: 463-476Abstract
The role and importance of forests in maintaining the life support system in terms of ecological, economic and socio-cultural framework is better understood now and accordingly the incongruous forestry administration is undergoing a paradigm shift from regulatory to participatory management. Whilst sporadic efforts were made by some self-initiated groups and individuals, the National Forest Policy, 1988 and the enabling resolution of the Government of India, 1990 coupled with recent Constitutional Amendment conferring ownership rights of minor forest produce on village level organizations, form a watershed in the saga of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India. Foresters, though well equipped with silvicultural armoury, had to tread hitherto unknown path of sociological variables. In order to inculcate attitudinal change and capacity building, national as well as regional level training institutes are organizing orientation and training programmes covering wide array of social issues including theory and tools of participatory techniques. However, with an impressive 36,075 village level committees, jointly managing around 10.24 million hectares forests in 22 states, the outcome has been uneven for variety of reasons. JFM being driven by the "helplessness" of the state and with little mindset change, foresters tend to hold on to their territorial and silvicultural moorings and perceive JFM as a tool to win the locals by offering employment and some usufruct sharing. People, on the other hand with their past experience have little faith in state apparatus. Their aspiration is, not to remain mere passive wage earners but to become active partners and owners of the assets created. The ground reality is that apart from policy regulations and their enforcement, complex social values born out of history, culture and traditions, determine the out come. The message is loud and clear- wherever a resilient and adaptive management has taken good care of these human sensitivities, chances to succeed are better.- Preliminary Studies on the Seedling Root Rot of Acacia catechu in Himachal Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 132, No 11 (2006), Pagination: 1519-1524Abstract
No abstract- Variability in Urediniopustule and Urediniospore Size of Melampsora ciliata on Poplar Genotypes
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Indian Forester, Vol 132, No 12 (2006), Pagination: 1620-1624Abstract
Variation in the dimensions of urediniopustules and urediniospores of Melampsora ciliata produced on different popular species/cultivars/clones/hybrids has been observed in the present investigations. Smallest urediniopustules were produced on P.deltoides 'Lux' (0.38 mm) while largest on P.yunnanensis (1.34 mm). In P.ciliata clones/hybrids, smallest urediniopustules were recorded in 53M1 (0.16 mm) while largest in Chhatrari (0.90 mm). Largest spore size (33.6 × 16.3 μm) was recorded on P.deltoides 'Lux' and 64M1 (36.3 × 17.3 μm) while smallest on P. xeuramericana 'Robusta AE' and 53M1. Irrespective of species/cultivars, urediniospore size ranged from 13.1-39.3 × 13.1- 19.6 μm. The average urediniospore size of M.ciliata produced on P.ciliata clones ranged from 30.8 -36.3 × 15.4 - 17.1 μm while that on hybrids from 27.2 - 36.3 × 14.5 - 20.0 μm.- Performance of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) Provenances Against Ganoderma Root Rot
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Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 5 (2010), Pagination: 588-593Abstract
Forty provenances of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) were screened against Ganoderma ischolar_main rot under the natural conditions in a randomized block design. Variations to the extent of mortality and plants showing initial ischolar_main rot symptoms were recorded. None of the provenance remained disease free. However, least mortality (2.0%) was recorded in Barielly provenance followed by 4.2 per cent in Rampur provenance and rated as resistant to Ganoderma ischolar_main rot. In the plantation of Rampur and Barielly provenances, 4.2 and 10.4 per cent plants, respectively showed initial symptoms of ischolar_main rot. Highest mortality (33.4%) was recorded in Banaras provenance followed by 29.2 per cent in each Nazibabad and Etawah provenances. In terms of height and diameter, Kankai provenance was rated as best but it was moderately susceptible (14.6% tree mortality) to Ganoderma ischolar_main rot. Provenance Rampur, which was rated as resistant with 2.0 per cent tree mortality, was fifth best in terms of plant height and diameter at breast heightKeywords
Ganoderma Root Rot, Performance, Dalbergia sissoo, Provenances, Relative Resistance- Evolution of Genetically Superior New Clones of Poplar (Populus deltoides) for Tarai Region
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Indian Forester, Vol 125, No 3 (1999), Pagination: 301-304Abstract
The results of experiments conducted to establish superiority of newly evolved clones of Poplar (Populus deltoides) over exotic clones has been described in this paper.- Assessment of Poplar Germplasm for Resistance Against Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot of Poplars in Himachal Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 125, No 8 (1999), Pagination: 784-787Abstract
Growing demand of Poplar wood for manufacture of fruit boxes, plyboard, match sticks due to its fast growth and colourless wood have led to extensive plantation of this species. This has resulted in severe outbreak of a number of diseases. Alternaria alternata is one of the most destructive pathogens of Populus species in nurseries resulting in premature defoliation. During 1997, an expcriment was conducted to assess 232 different cloneslhybrids of P. ciliata and P. deltoides against A. alternata. Out of 29 clones and 75 hybrids of P. ciliata, 3 clones and 22 hybrids remained free from the disease. In 11 clones and 2 hybrids of P. ciliata, disease reaction varied from resistant to moderately resistant. Out of 73 clones and 7 hybrids of P. deltoides, 64 clones and 7 hybrids remained free from the disease. All the 46 families of P. deltoides screened were found free from the disease.- Total Forest Management (TFM) an Innovative Approach for Conservation of Natural Forests with Human Face
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Indian Forester, Vol 123, No 6 (1997), Pagination: 447-459Abstract
With the ever increasing anthropogenic impact, the life support system of the earth is under constant pressure. The adverse effect is reflected by way of natural resource degradation, leading to reduction in productivity which ends up in enhanced poverty and misery. Poverty, malnutrition and illiteracy are the main causes of population growth that further accentuates the degradation process. This, ultimately forms a vicious circle of natural resource degradation including forests. To conserve our forests, by and large, foresters concentrated on 'tree', without appreciating the interdependence of various facets of the vicious circle. Forestry is not an end in itself. It ought to be looked as an integral part of the ecosystem, operating within the social, political and economic framework. Forestry is for people. Since traditional forestry management focussed only on single aspects of the vicious circle, no tangible achievements in respect of reversing or arresting the trend of degradation were forthcoming. The Total Forest Management (TFM) is an innovative approach for conservation of forests, which attempts to address the malady in totality by keeping 'people' in the centre. The local people, local resource and local technology constitute the cornerstones of the green triangle which operates within the socio'political milieu so that the human aspect is taken care of. The system is being tried in five different areas of Madhya Pradesh by developing a package of 'hardware' of physical activities and 'software' of human sensitivities, which help in productivity enhancement through on farm and off farm activities. Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP), with its attendant instrumentalities constitute the back bone of the system. The result is that the forest dwellers are not mere passive recipients of the programme but have become active partners in the endeavour and in many cases even proud owner of the hardware.- Some New Fungal Diseases of Pistacia integerrima from Himachal Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 120, No 6 (1994), Pagination: 545-547Abstract
No abstract- Occurrence of Phyllosticta Leaf Spots on Robinia pseudacacia in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 11 (1988), Pagination: 819-820Abstract
No abstract- Status and Distribution of Willow Mortality in Lahaul and Spiti Cold Desert of Himachal Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 196-204Abstract
A survey on the status and distribution of willow mortality in the cold desert of Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh was conducted during 2007. Large scale willow mortality ranging from 2 to 93.8 per cent was recorded in Lahaul sub-division. The extent of mortality was higher in Chandra valley as compared to Pattan and Bhaga valleys. In Spiti sub-division willow mortality was recorded only at Qurith (2%). Investigations revealed that Cytospora canker caused by Cytospora chrysosperma is the major cause of willow mortality. At few places scale insect (Lepidosaphes sp.) infestation was also recorded. Based on the causes of the mortality, a package of recommendations has been suggested to reduce the willow mortality in the cold desert areas.Keywords
Willow (Salix sp.), Mortality, Cytospora Chrysosperma, Scale Insect, (Lepidosaphes sp.), Cold Desert- Quality of Ground Water in Saraswati Plantation, District Karnal (Haryana)
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